Aerodynamics, Table of Contents

Release 4.0, October 2005

Not all items are listed. All links available in the CD-ROM version. If you cannot find what you are looking for, please ASK.

[Bottom of Page]

– Search the Site
– Foreword
– The World of Aerodynamics
– State of the Art: A Review
– Aerodynamic Data Base
– Reference Desk

Overview
Flow Characteristics
- Reynolds Number
- Mach Number
- Knudsen Number
Limits of Aeronautic/Aerospace Flight
- Aeronautic Flight Corridor
- Aerospace Flight Corridor
- Flight Envelope
Limits of Aero-Thermodynamic Heating
- Heating Problem
- Stagnation Temperatures
- Cooling Requirements
- Shooting Stars
Atmospheric Data
Selected References

- Importance of the Subject
- Flow Physics
  - Viscous Drag
    - Laminar Flow Control
    - Compliant Walls
    - Riblets
      - Drag Reduction
      - Off-Design Performances
      - Applications
      - References
    - Large-Eddy Breakup Devices
    - Surface Additives
  - Drag due to Lift
    - Tip Devices
      - Winglets
      - Endplates
      - Hoerner Tips
  - Interference Drag
  - Wave Drag
  - Vortex Drag
    - Reduction Technology
- Drag due to Speed
  - Drag of Well Known Bodies
    - Flat Plate
    - Cylinder
    - Sphere
  - Drag at Very Low Speeds
  - Drag at Transonc Speeds
  - Drag at Supersonic Speeds
    - Bodies of Minimum Drag
- Drag Reduction Approaches
- Methods of Computation
- Summary of Drag Coefficients
- Selected References
- Importance of the Subject
- Flow Phenomena
- Maximum Lift
  - Prediction of Maximum Lift
- High-Lift Systems
- Powered Systems
  - Powered vs. Unpowered Systems
- High-Lift Airfoils
  - Pressure Distribution
- Multi-element Airfoils
- Trailing- and Leading Edge Devices
- Gurney Flaps
- Design Issues for High-Lift
- Computational Methods
  - Inviscid Methods
  - Viscous-Inviscid Methods
  - Navier-Stokes Methods
  - State of the Art
- Computational Methods
- Tables of Maximum lift coefficients
- Tables of Aerodynamic Efficiency
- Selected References
- Importance of the Subject
  - Oscillatory Flows
  - Non Oscillatory Flows
  - Dimensionless Parameters
- Dynamic Stall
  - Overview
  - Dimensionless Parameters
  - Unbalanced Loads on Rotorcraft
  - Oscillations Below CLmax
  - Oscillations Around CLmax
  - Oscillations Above CLmax
  - State of the Art
  - Selected References
- High Angle of Attack
  - Airfoil Flows
  - Wing Rock
  - Breakdown of Symmetric Flow
  - Separation Characteristics
- Unsteady Wakes behind Bluff Bodies
  - Flow Past Cylinder
  - Flow Past Sphere
  - Other Bluff Bodies
- Unsteady Boundary Layers
- Computed Examples
  - Oscillating Airfoil
  - Impulsive Start of Elliptic Wing
  - Heaving Motion of Rectangular Wing
  - Helicopter Rotor in Advancing Flight
- Selected References
- Importance of the Subject
- Modes of Operation
  - Propellers
  - Helicopters
  - Wind Turbine
  - Auto Gyro
  - The Vortex-Ring
  - Turbomachinery
- Aerodynamic Models
  - Axial Momentum Theory
  - Blade Element Theory
  - Vortex Methods
  - Panel Methods
  - CFD-related topics
- Rotor Coefficients
- Propeller Characteristics
- Summary of Speed and Loading Ranges
- Examples of Calculation
- Selected References
- The Planform Problem
- Speed and Wings Sweep
- Speed and Leading-edge Geometry
- Speed and Wing Thickness
- Wing in Ground Effect
- Selected References
- Summary of Wings
  - Non-Planar Wing Systems
    - Wings in Subsonic Flow
      - Linearized Theory
      - Wing Effectiveness
    - Other Systems
    - Wings in Supersonic Flow
    - Some Interference Problems
    - Wing Tip Devices
    - Selected References
    - Wings in Subsonic Flow
      - Efficiency Factors
    - Wings in Supersonic Flow
    - Some Interference Problems
    - Selected References
  - Oblique Flying Wing
  - Forward Swept Wing
  - Delta Wing
    - Delta Wings in Subsonic Flow
    - Delta Wings in Supersonic Flow
      - Separation Characteristics
      - Delta Wings with Subsonic L.E.
      - Delta Wings in Supersonic L.E.
    - Features of Flow Separation
    - Selected References
  - Low-Aspect Ratio Wing
    - Performances at Low Speeds
    - Maximum Lift Coefficients
    - Stability Characteristics
    - Means for Improving Stability
    - Performances at Supersonic Speeds
    - Some Examples of Computed Wings
    - Selected References
  - Hypersonic Waveriders
    - Air-breathing Engines
    - Performances
    - Where Technology Stands
    - Selected References
  - Features of 3-D Flow Separation
    - Streamline Topology at the Wall
    - Field Streamlines
    - Examples of 3-D Separation
    - Selected References
- Aerodynamics of Streamlined Bodies
  - Laminar Separation Bubble
  - Turbulent Transition
  - Lift-Drag Characteristics
- Aerodynamics of Bluff Bodies
- Current Research Topics
- Selected References
- Speed Limits
- Extended Constant-Density Flows
- Shock Waves
  - General Overview
  - Mathematics
  - Shock Strength
  - Normal Shock
  - Oblique Shock
  - Bomb Blasts
  - Selected References
- Flow Separation
- Some Transonic Effects
  - Buffeting
  - Shock Stall
- Computational Transonics
- Critical Mach Number
- Strakes at Transonic Speeds
- Forward Swept Wing
- Oblique Flying Wing
- Wave Propagation
  - General Overview
  - Acoustic and Shock Waves
  - Propagation of Waves in a Duct
  - Propagation in Unbounded Medium
  - Effects in Bounded Mediums
  - Selected References
- Selected References
- Design Target
- Methods for Airfoils and Wings
- Inverse Methods
  - Existence of Solutions
  - Compressible Flows
  - Newton-Raphson Methods
  - Multi-Point Design
- Direct Methods
- Optimization Methods
  - Aerodynamic Optimization
  - Genetic Algorithms
  - Simulated Annealing
  - Downhill Simplex Method
- Selected References
- Overview
- Parallel Computing
- Lifting Surface Methods
  - Overview
  - Wake Analysis: Relaxation Scheme
  - Wake Analysis: Time-Stepping
  - Some Results
  - Selected References
- Panel Methods
  - Overview
  - Boundary Conditions
    - Conditions on theBody
    - Kutta Condition
    - Conditions on the Wake
  - Wake Analysis
    - Time-Stepping
    - Wake Relaxation
  - State-of-the-Art
  - Results for 2D, 3D, unsteady flow
  - Selected References
- Boundary Layers
- Viscous-Inviscid Interaction
  - Overview
  - Governing Equations
  - Turbulence
  - State-of-the-Art
  - Range of Applications
  - Methods
    - Strong Viscous-Inviscid Solutions
    - Direct Method
    - Semi-Inverse Method
    - Quasi-Simultaneous Method
    - Fully Simultaneous Method
  - Some Results
  - References
- Navier-Stokes Equations
  - Navier-Stokes Equations
    - Reynolds Averaged Eqs.
    - Formulations
    - Numerical Methods
    - The Role of Turbulence
    - Navier-Stokes Codes
  - Direct Navier-Stokes Methods
  - Large Eddy Simulations
  - Examples of NSE Computations
  - Selected References
- Boltzmann Gas Lattice
- Grid Generation
  - Importance of the Subject
  - Conceptual Problems
  - Visualization Problems
    - Algebraic Methods
    - Elliptic Methods
    - Hyperbolic Methods
    - Unstructured Methods
    - Adaptive Methods
    - Other Methods
  - Surface Control
  - State-of-the-Art
  - Examples
  - Selected References
- Selected References
- Wind Tunnel Times
- Fields of Operation
- Notes on Basic Instrumentation
  - Flow Devices
- Wind Tunnel Structure
  - Scale Effects
  - Dimensionless Numbers
  - Interference Problems
  - Blockage
- Wind Tunnels
  - Low-Speed Wind Tunnels
  - Transonic Wind Tunnels
  - Supersonic Wind Tunnels
  - Hypersonic Wind Tunnels
  - Tunnels with Moving Ground
  - Pressurized Wind Tunnels
  - Meteorological Wind Tunnels
  - Some Wind Tunnels
- Selected References
- Aeroacoustics
  - Energy Radiated
  - Some Noise Levels
  - Frequency Ranges
- Doppler Effect
- Sonic Boom
  - Over-pressure at the Ground
  - Figure of Merit
- Selected Reference
- Racing Aerodynamics
  - Overview
  - The Role of Aerodynamics
  - Racing for Land Speed Records
  - High-Lift Systems
  - Sample Calculations
- Road Vehicles Aerodynamics
  - Base Separation and Wakes
  - Bluff Bodies in Tandem
  - Ground Effects
  - Passenger Vehicles
  - Trucks and Buses
  - High-Speed Trains
  - Selected References
- Birds Formation Flight
  - Analysis
    - Aerodynamic Model
  - Optimization
- Praising the Wright Brothers
- History Notes
  - Otto Lilienthal
  - Early Studies
  - Early Competitors
  - Selected References
- Aviation Milestones
- Quotes from Technical Literature
- Douglas DC-3
- Helicopter Sikorski S-55
- Gee Bee Acrobatic Airplane
- Beech 17, Staggerwing
- McDonnell-Douglas C-17
- Grumman Albatross G-64
- Antonov An-225
- Sir George Cayley
- Otto Lilienthal
- Theodore von Kármán
- Ludwig Prandtl
- Max Munk
- RT Jones
- More Biographies to be added soon

[Top of Page]